Pistol = Handgun. In modern day this term usually use on semi(or fully)-auto handgun, and use "revolver" to describe wheel gun. But in fact, this term was much older than both semi or wheel gun. It was first use on hand held muzzle loader.
Semi (or fully) Automatic Pistol
In modern days, this is what you see police/law enforcer carried. Sometime you will hear shooter describe as "bottom feeder", since the magazine load from the bottom of the pistol. Most model are Semi Automatic, means each trigger pulled only release one shot. But few model has the ability to Fully Automatic Firing, means while the trigger was hold more than ONE shot can be fire. The Fully Auto pistol, aren't as incredible as one might think. In fact, it's common in shooter world, that fully auto pistols are more of novelty item. For the pistol in design holds low rounds count compare to rifles, and receive lots recoil when fired. A fully automatic pistol will probably hit more air than desired target. However, this did not stop Hollywood to bring fully automatic pistol in big screen action.
ex: 1911, Glock, Sig.
Revolver
This should not be hard to understand, revolver is a firearm that has "Cylinder" instead of magazine to hold ammo. More detail of DA, SA "Action" will be explain later of class.
ex: Colt python, Smith & Wesson model 27.
Derringer
3rd type of pistol, for it's not a "bottom feeder" semi auto, nor has a cylinder like a "revolver". It usually come as a pocket, break top pistol that hold 2 or 4 shots. Each shot load in individual chamber like revolvers but each chamber also work as barrel. It often credit the famous firearm designer Henry Deringer in 19th century. It usually chamber in small caliber like 22lr, 25acp, 32acp, but much larger caliber (like 40s&w, 45acp or even 357mag)can also be seem in this type of pistol. It has the stereotype of women purse pistol or inside of spring loaded wrist pistol mechanism in Hollywood movies.
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